Adsorption of Congo Red on Pb doped FexOy: experimental study and theoretical modeling via double-layer statistical physics models

Abstract Size-controlled Pb0.06Fe0.7O3 nanoparticles (Pb-FeONPs) were fabricated by the thermal co-precipitation method and characterized FE-SEM, EDX, XRD, IR techniques. The SEM XRD images showed average size distribution crystallite of 19.21 nm 4.9 nm, respectively. kinetic model Congo Red (CR) adsorption onto Pb-FeONPs was verified found to be a pseudo-second-order reaction. Langmuir plot better fitted (R2 = 0.990) than other isotherm models with Qmax (mg/g) 500 for dye in 40 min. double-layer statistical physics based on two energies used calculate significant parameters. n (stoichiometric coefficient) values obtained from 0.599, 0.593, 0.565, which are less 1, indicating multi-docking process. regeneration up 5 cycles effectively, making material highly economical. fruitfully applied removal CR wastewater laboratory industrial scale.